Online. Macros Page Published on Monday, April 21, 1997 by Gideon Ariel Excelsheets and macros A. General issues # Observation Examples A1. Marker placement does not reflect joint angles Cervical Flexion/Extension Cervical Lateral/Flexion Cervical Rotation Shoulder Flexion/Extension Shoulder Abduction A2. Level of confidence for stats with selected sample size is unknown. Minimum angle Maximum angle Maximum velocity Coefficient of variation B. Statistical issues in Excel-sheets: # Observation Examples B1. Bias in % to Norm (narrow angles amplify the bias; dependent on chosen coordinate system) Finger DIP Flexion/Extension B2. Bias in % to Unaffected B3. Bias in Coefficient of Variation Shoulder Flexion/Extension Shoulder Rotation Wrist Radial/Ulnar Deviation Wrist Radial/Ulnar Deviation Velocity Finger PIP Finger MP B4. Bias in Summary residual dysfunction B5. Bias in Summary conclusion B6. Bias in Summary coefficient of variation B7. Bias in Summary maximal effort B8. Repeatability of Coefficient of Variation Wrist Flexion/Extension Finger DIP/PIP/MP Flexion/Extension Thumb IP/MP Flexion/Extension C. Specific issues in Excel-sheets: # Observation Examples C1. Angles are "mirrored" in undefined axis Cervical Rotation Shoulder Flexion/Extension Shoulder Abduction Velocity Shoulder Rotation Shoulder Rotation Velocity Wrist Ulnar/Radial Deviation Wrist Supination/Pronation Wrist Supination/Pronation Velocity C2. Angular velocity is not derivative of corresponding angle. An angular velocity should be zero when angle=min or angle=max. An angular velocity should be positive when angle is going "up" and negative when angle is going "down". Shoulder Flexion/Extension Velocity Shoulder Abduction Velocity Shoulder Rotation Velocity Wrist Flexion/Extension Velocity Wrist Radial/Ulnar Deviation Velocity C3. Higher velocity reported for slower movement C4. Summary does not correspond to chart Thumb IP Flexion/Extension Reference: /wizard/excel