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akfce.shoulder

Page
Published on Thursday, September 18, 1997 by Gideon Ariel

Shoulder Analysis

A computer kinematic assessment is performed for shoulder flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal and external rotation. The Examinee is asked to perform each maneuver 8-10 repetitions to full range and as quickly as possible. The events were video taped in a precisely calibrated field for computer analysis. Each event is analyzed for total dynamic range of motion and peak velocity quantity and quality. Consistency of results [coefficient of variation] is considered for determining Examinee effort. After a thorough discussion of expectations, and agreement of understanding by the Examinee, the Examinee is asked to perform the movement events.

Preparation

  • APAS - CAPDV;
  • Chair
  • DV Camcorder with firewire connection to the data collection computer;
  • Calibration frame.
Large frame Small frame

Room Setup

  • Clear the working area of any obstructions that may block the camera views.
  • Place a reflective marker (fixed point) anywhere in the view where the Examinee or Assistant/Examiner will not block it during motion.

Camera Setup

  • Look through the viewfinder, make sure you can see the entire frame - plus enough space surrounding frame - to film the entire sequence.
  • Set focus to auto focus then back to manual focus.
  • Set shutter speed at 1/250 s.

[ Last revised on 01/12/2004 ]

Data Collection

Shoulder Flexion/Extension

  Examples   Description
Markers Four markers on each side
# Left Right Description
1. L.HIP R.HIP Hip directly below shoulder marker when arm is abducted as far as Examinee is able
2. L.SHOULDER R.SHOULDER Lateral AC Joint
3. L.ELBOW R.ELBOW Lateral elbow joint
4. L.HAND R.HAND Mid dorsal hand, close to wrist crease
Calibration Large calibration cube

Check computer screen and recheck the position of the cube, the cameras, and the fixed point.

Capture data for 0.5 s.

 

Protocol

Make sure Examinee is in center of view field. The Examinee must be aligned in the field of the front portion of the calibration cube. If acceptable, proceed with data collection.

Capture data for 25 s.

  Cervical Flexion Cervical Extension

[ View typical results ]

Shoulder Abduction/Adduction

  Examples   Description
Markers Four markers on each side
# Left Right Description
1. L.HIP R.HIP Hip directly below shoulder marker when arm is abducted as far as Examinee is able
2. L.SHOULDER R.SHOULDER Posterior AC Joint
3. L.ELBOW R.ELBOW Posterior elbow joint
4. L.HAND R.HAND Mid dorsal hand, close to wrist crease
Calibration Large calibration cube

Check computer screen and recheck the position of the cube, the cameras, and the fixed point.

Capture data for 0.5 s.

 

Protocol

Make sure Examinee is in center of view field. The Examinee must be aligned in the field of the front portion of the calibration cube. If acceptable, proceed with data collection.

Capture data for 25 s.

  Cervical Flexion Cervical Extension

[ View typical results ]

Shoulder Internal/External Rotation

  Examples   Description
Markers Two markers on each side
# Left Right Description
1. L.ELBOW R.ELBOW Elbow
2. L.WRIST R.WRIST Wrist
Calibration Small calibration cube

Check computer screen and recheck the position of the cube, the cameras, and the fixed point.

Capture data for 0.5 s.

 

Protocol

Make sure Examinee is in center of view field. The Examinee must be aligned in the field of the front portion of the calibration cube. If acceptable, proceed with data collection.

Capture data for 25 s.

  Cervical Flexion Cervical Extension

[ View typical results ]

Typical Results

Shoulder Flexion/Extension

Picture 8: LeftShoulder Flexion -
Picture 9: LeftShoulder Extension -
Picture 10: RightShoulder Flexion -
Picture 11: RightShoulder Extension -
Chart 4: Shoulder Flexion/Extension
Table 4: Shoulder Flexion/Extension (F/E)
Range of Motion
[degrees]
F+
Left
E-
Left
F+
Right
E-
Right
Norm (mean) 180 -50 180 -50
Examinee Sample (mean) 124.2 -21.9 116.2 -17.7
Standard Deviation (sd) 5.77 4.64 3.76 2.94
Range of Motion (rom) 146.1 146.1 133.9 133.9
Trial Consistency (sd/rom) 3.9% 3.2% 2.8% 2.2%
Degrees of Freedom (df) 10 9 7 7
H0: Examinee = Norm Reject Reject Reject Reject
Probability (p0) 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Level of Confidence 99% 99% 99% 99%
H1: Side = Opposing Side Accept Accept Reject Accept
Probability (p1) 0.00156 0.02122 0.00156 0.02122

Shoulder Abduction/Adduction

Picture 12: LeftShoulder Abduction -
Picture 13: RightShoulder Abduction -
Chart 5: Shoulder Abduction/Adduction
Table 5: Shoulder Abduction/Adduction
Range of Motion
[degrees]
Ab+
Left
Ad-
Left
Ab+
Right
Ad-
Right
Norm (mean) 180 -50 180 -50
Examinee Sample (mean) 144.4 30.9 143.1 24.6
Standard Deviation (sd) 5.42 1.65 6.87 .99
Range of Motion (rom) 113.6 113.6 118.5 118.5
Trial Consistency (sd/rom) 4.8% 1.5% 5.8% .8%
Degrees of Freedom (df) 12 12 11 11
H0: Examinee = Norm Reject Reject Reject Reject
Probability (p0) 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Level of Confidence 99% 99% 99% 99%
H1: Side = Opposing Side Accept Reject Accept Accept
Probability (p1) 0.29175 0.00000 0.29175 0.00000

Shoulder Internal/External Rotation

Picture 14: LeftShoulder Internal Rotation -
Picture 15: LeftShoulder External Rotation -
Picture 16: RightShoulder Internal Rotation -
Picture 17: RightShoulder External Rotation -
Chart 6: Shoulder Internal/External Rotation
Table 6: Shoulder Internal/External Rotation (I/R)
Range of Motion
[degrees]
I+
Left
E-
Left
I+
Right
E-
Right
Norm (mean) 90 -90 90 -90
Examinee Sample (mean) 52.4 -87 56.3 -92.7
Standard Deviation (sd) 3.82 8.08 5.52 5.75
Range of Motion (rom) 139.4 139.4 149.1 149.1
Trial Consistency (sd/rom) 2.7% 5.8% 3.7% 3.9%
Degrees of Freedom (df) 11 11 10 11
H0: Examinee = Norm Reject Accept Reject Accept
Probability (p0) 0.00000 0.11461 0.00000 0.06460
Level of Confidence 99% 99% 99% 99%
H1: Side = Opposing Side Accept Accept Accept Accept
Probability (p1) 0.02816 0.02969 0.02816 0.02969
Summary 5: Kinematic Shoulder Assessment
description side norm mean sd rom cons df0 h0 p0 conf h1 p1
Shoulder Flexion Left 180 124.2 5.77 146.1 3.9% 10 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.00156
Shoulder Extension Left -50 -21.9 4.64 146.1 3.2% 9 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.02122
Shoulder Abduction Left 180 144.4 5.42 113.6 4.8% 12 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.29175
Shoulder Adduction Left -50 30.9 1.65 113.6 1.5% 12 Reject 0.00000 99% Reject 0.00000
Internal Shoulder Rotation Left 90 52.4 3.82 139.4 2.7% 11 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.02816
External Shoulder Rotation Left -90 -87 8.08 139.4 5.8% 11 Accept 0.11461 99% Accept 0.02969
Shoulder Flexion Right 180 116.2 3.76 133.9 2.8% 7 Reject 0.00000 99% Reject 0.00156
Shoulder Extension Right -50 -17.7 2.94 133.9 2.2% 7 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.02122
Shoulder Abduction Right 180 143.1 6.87 118.5 5.8% 11 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.29175
Shoulder Adduction Right -50 24.6 .99 118.5 .8% 11 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.00000
Internal Shoulder Rotation Right 90 56.3 5.52 149.1 3.7% 10 Reject 0.00000 99% Accept 0.02816
External Shoulder Rotation Right -90 -92.7 5.75 149.1 3.9% 11 Accept 0.06460 99% Accept 0.02969
  • Number of tests where Examinee performed subnormal: 10 of 12
  • Number of tests where Examinee performed asymmetrically (one side worse than the other): 2 of 12
  • Number of tests where Examinee performed worse on Left Side than on Right Side: 1 of 6
  • Number of tests where Examinee performed worse on Right Side than on Left Side: 1 of 6

Significant Findings Kinematic Shoulder Assessment:

See also

akfceFunctional Capacity Evaluation
akfce.caseCase Information
akfce.cervicalCervical Assessment
akfce.elbowElbow Analysis
akfce.emgEMG Protocol
akfce.evalEvaluation
akfce.fceFunctional Capacity Evaluation
akfce.finger.indexFinger Analysis
akfce.finger.thumbThumb Analysis
akfce.gaitGait Analysis
akfce.gripGrip Settings
akfce.interviewExaminee Interview
akfce.jobJob description
akfce.shoulderShoulder Analysis
akfce.strengthStrength Protocol
akfce.wristWrist Analysis
gaitData collection protocols for gait analysis
sportsData collection protocols for sports
Wizard windowQuestions and answers

Reference: /wizard/manual/protocols/akfce.shoulder.html
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